Acute Kidney Injury & Critical Care
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function, leading to an inability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. It is a critical condition that requires immediate medical attention and often occurs in hospitalized or critically ill patients.
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Treatments
- Dialysis: In severe cases, dialysis is used to remove waste and toxins from the blood.
- Fluid Management: Adjusting fluid intake based on the cause of AKI.
- Nutritional Support: A specialized diet to reduce kidney workload.
- Treating the Underlying Cause: Managing infections, dehydration, or any toxic exposure.
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury
- Severe dehydration
- Infections or sepsis
- Sudden drop in blood flow (shock, heart failure, or major surgery)
- Kidney damage due to medications, toxins, or contrast dyes
- Blockages in the urinary tract (stones, tumors, or enlarged prostate)
Symptoms of Acute Kidney Injury
- Decreased urine output
- Swelling in legs, ankles, or around the eyes
- Fatigue and confusion
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea and vomiting
- Chest pain or pressure
- Fluid retention causing weight gain
Prevention
- Stay well-hydrated to support kidney function.
- Monitor and manage chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension.
- Avoid excessive use of pain relievers and nephrotoxic drugs.
- Prevent infections by maintaining good hygiene.
- Regularly check kidney function if at risk (especially before surgeries or medical procedures).